The kit can quickly extract high-purity viral nucleic acids (DNA/RNA) from various liquid samples such as blood, serum, plasma, and swab eluate, enabling high-throughput processing of parallel samples. The kit uses unique embedded superparamagnetic silicon-based magnetic beads. In a unique buffer system, nucleic acids instead of proteins and other impurities are adsorbed by hydrogen bonds and electrostatic binding. The magnetic beads that have adsorbed nucleic acids are washed to remove the remaining proteins and salts. When using low-salt buffer, nucleic acids are released from magnetic beads, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid separation and purification of nucleic acids. The entire operation process is simple, fast, safe and efficient, and the obtained nucleic acids can be directly used for downstream experiments such as reverse transcription, PCR, qPCR, RT-PCR, RT-qPCR, next-generation sequencing, biochip analysis, etc.